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Health Effects of Hydrogen

A number of health effects can result from inhaling or ingesting hydrogen, depending on the compound it is part of. Even in its pure form, hydrogen can be detrimental to a person's health. Everything from minor disorders to death can result when hydrogen is combined with sulfur, cyanide or chlorine.

  1. Pure Hydrogen Gas

    • According to the Lenntech website, hydrogen that is in its pure state exists as an odorless, colorless gas. It is highly inflammable, which means a single spark or flame can lead to fire or even explosion. Thus, the immediate health effects of hydrogen in this state can be burns and physical injury caused by the blast. Hydrogen that is inhaled can block the body's ability to take up oxygen. The health effects of hydrogen in this situation include nausea, dizziness, ringing in the ears, drowsiness, vomiting, loss of consciousness and all of the senses being depressed. The skin can turn blue, and death can occur.

    Hydrogen Sulfide

    • Hydrogen can combine with sulfur to form hydrogen sulfide, a gas that is known for its scent of "rotten eggs." According to a report published by the North Carolina Division of Air Quality, the health effects of hydrogen in this form can damage the eyes and central nervous system from prolonged exposure, even if the level is low. Long-term exposure to a low-level concentration of hydrogen sulfide can cause fluid to build up in the lungs, as well as produce a cough, sore throat and eye irritation. Headaches, fatigue, poor memory, dizziness and a loss of appetite can result if the levels are not reduced.

    Hydrogen Cyanide

    • According to the U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety & Health Association (OSHA) Division, hydrogen cyanide is a very dangerous hydrogen compound. In its gas form, hydrogen cyanide can be absorbed through the skin, mucous membranes or eyes, as well as inhaled. The health effects of hydrogen in this form are extreme--death can occur in as little as one minute. The patient can live if the exposure is limited, but damage can result to both the heart and brain because of loss of oxygen.

    Hydrogen Chloride

    • Hydrogen chloride, better known as hydrochloric acid, can cause severe health problems in this form. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency lists a number of negative effects of this compound. If inhaled, chest pain, inflammation of the respiratory system, coughing and even pulmonary edema can result. The vapors or solution can also burn the skin, eyes and mucous membranes. If ingested, chemical burns to the mouth, esophagus and stomach will result.

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