What is the Difference Between a Dust Mask and a Disposable Respirator?

A mask labeled "Face Mask" and a mask labeled "Respirator" may seem like almost identical products. Appearance is about the only similarity shared by these two valuable tools. Masks can protect users from paint fumes or dust, or help in a medical emergency. Knowing what makes a face mask different from a respirator can help in picking out the correct type necessary for maximum personal protection.

Identification

• If a package contains a N95 respirator it is usually clearly stated in the name, and it must have the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) label printed on the box or on the mask itself. Any type of face mask that does not have the NIOSH label cannot be considered a respirator.

Meaning of N95

• The term "N95" refers to the classification of the mask by NIOSH. A respirator with an N95 rating has a filter that has at least a 95 percent efficiency against particles that contain no oil when it is sealed properly against the face. Although it does not completely eliminate dangers of hazardous airborne particles, an N95 greatly reduces exposure. It is intended to protect against particles such as smoke, chemicals, molds, lead and particles that can be inhaled during medical examinations and emergencies.

Face Mask

• A face mask that is not approved by NIOSH is intended to help with respiratory comfort from relatively harmless particles. The Office of Radiation, Chemical & Biological Safety (ORCBS) classifies these as "non-toxic nuisance dusts." These are the dusts that come from lawn care as well as dusting, sweeping and cleaning.

Proper Fit: Face Mask

• Since a face mask is only intended to block larger nuisance particles, it will have a fairly loose fit around the face. As long as it is secure around the mouth and nose and does not move excessively, it is considered to fit correctly.

Proper Fit: Respirator

• A respirator's fit is one of the most crucial steps to ensure it is working at its maximum potential. User instructions are provided in every box of disposable N95s. There should be no facial hair where the mask fits on the face. When both hands are covering the outside of the respirator, no air will leak between the mask and the face, indicating a sealed respirator.