Long-Term Effects of Chlorinated Water on the Skin

Chlorinated water is encountered regularly in the United States. Swimming pools are chlorinated to deter bacteria, and small amounts of chlorine are included in drinking water for the same reason. Chlorine by itself is both extremely corrosive and highly toxic but inert in the presence of other compounds, making it an ideal disinfectant. Chlorine in large amounts can present some long-term dangers, even when diluted by water.

Organ Diseases

• Lung diseases and similar problems are common among those who have been exposed to high levels of chlorine. This typically occurs after exposure to chlorine gas, which can sometimes appear in hot water or when chlorinated water comes into contact with water. Chlorinated water that comes into contact with mucous membranes around the nose can cause similar damage. While chlorine is not easily absorbed by human skin, high levels of chlorine can lead to some absorption into the bloodstream. In the blood, chlorine can cause kidney damage and other problems.

Dryness

• One of the most common problems with chlorine in water is its effect on the skin. Chlorinated water has a caustic, drying effect that can leave skin itchy and uncomfortable after repeated exposure. Pool users should reduce these effects by rinsing off with pure water after being in pools or other sources of chlorinated water.

Irritation

• Because of its acidic qualities, chlorine can have a more damaging effect on skin than simple dryness, especially over a long period of time or with people who have sensitive skin. This burning effect can cause pain, inflammation and blisters across the surface of the skin. This occurs most frequently in pools where too much chlorine has been added to the water.