What Type of Sunglasses Will Protect My Eyes?

Prolonged exposure to UV rays increases the risk of cataracts and damage to the retina. Not only are eyes in danger from UV rays, but recent research says the sun's high-energy visible (HEV) radiation may also pose a danger to unprotected eyes. The good news is that with the right sunglasses, there is no need to give up outdoor activities. There are a few important rules to keep in mind when shopping for the right pair of protective sunglasses.

Shape Matters

• The shape and size of the sunglasses has a direct impact on the amount of blocked UV rays. Sunglasses with small lenses leave the tender skin around the eyes exposed and they allow UV rays to slip in around the edges. According to the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, wrap-around sunglasses work best because they block UV rays from sneaking in from the side.

UV Blocking Power

• Check the labels on all sunglasses carefully. Sunglasses companies are not required to list the UV blocking percent on their labels. Purchase only sunglasses that block 99 to 100 percent of UV rays. When the sunglasses' label lists nanometer (nm) absorption rates, purchase only glasses with a rate of 400 nm; this is the equivalent of 100 percent UV blockage.

Quality Lenses

• Not all lenses are created equal. Check the lenses to ensure they are coated evenly and there are not darker or lighter spots on the lenses. Inspect the lenses for imperfections by holding the sunglasses a full arm's length away. Find a straight line in the distance, and slowly move the glasses across the line. A imperfection will show up as a distortion in the line.

Color Matters

• Although the color of the lens does nothing to stop UV rays, some colors work better than others for blocking out HEV radiation. When purchasing sunglasses, stick with bronze, copper or reddish-brown colored lenses to get the most protection from HEV.