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Methane Gas Exposure Symptoms

Methane is a greenhouse gas with a high potency that can contribute to global warming. Methane gas has no taste, color and smell. It is the main component of natural gas and can be used as a source of fuel. According to the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, "Methane is not toxic below the lower explosive limit of 5%" (50,000 parts per million). However, when exposed to high concentrations, people will experience methane gas exposure symptoms leading to short-term health effects.

  1. Symptoms of Asphyxiation

    • When inhaled, methane gas causes shortness of breath, dullness and headaches. Methane gas can lower normal oxygen levels needed by the body. A person who is exposed to methane gas may feel symptoms of asphyxiation. The person will gasp for air because of rapid respiration and the feeling of suffocation. Mental alertness will also decrease, thereby affecting the coordination of the muscles. Prolonged exposure to methane can cause vomiting and nausea. It can also lead to loss of consciousness and even death when immediate treatment is not applied. Methane gas can enter the homes of people through foundation cracks and sewer traps. People can be exposed to methane gas by possibly inhaling the chemical when entering sewers, septic tanks and while cooking on a gas stove.

    No Chronic Health Effects

    • There is no physiological response when methane vapor comes into contact with the skin. Methane gas exposure is not known to cause damage to the reproductive system. Other chronic health effects have not been reported to show methane gas exposure symptoms. Exposure to methane gas does not produce carcinogenic effects, according to Jeffrey Vincoli's book "Risk Management for Hazardous Chemicals." In general, people exposed to chemicals encounter the same effects with their organ systems. However, the gravity of such effects can vary between individuals. The varying reaction of people exposed to chemicals such as methane gas is due to several things: It could be hereditary, personal habits or history of exposure to other chemicals.

    Preventing Methane Gas Exposure Symptoms

    • People who are working with methane should avoid having direct contact with it. If another gas cannot be used as an alternative for methane, engineering controls must be in place to reduce exposure. It is best to isolate methane operations in industrial plants and provide adequate exhaust ventilation. Equipment used in handling methane should be able to withstand explosion because methane is highly flammable. With these risk controls in place, potential injury or damage is also reduced. Adequate training should also be given to personnel handling methane and other chemicals. This can also include written policies or procedures when working with methane. Personnel should also be knowledgeable on the hazards and control measures of methane, as well as emergency procedures.

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