What Are the Functions of the Human Cell?

Human cells are the most basic structural and functional units in our body, and their functions vary based on their type. A basic function of all human cells is to work together to form tissues, which in turn work together to form organs and organ systems.

Cell Types

• Each type of cell in the body has a specific function. There are many types of cells including blood cells, skin cells, bone cells, blood cells, reproductive cells, hair cells and rod cells in eyes.

Genetic Material

• All human cells carry ribosomes containing genetic information in the form of ribosomal RNA proteins.

Cellular Metabolism

• Cells like nerve and muscle cells have reactions in their mitochondria responsible for breaking down the glucose in our bodies and converting it into usable energy, also known as glycosis.

Cytoplasm & Nucleus

• All types of cells contain cytoplasm and nuclei. Cytoplasm is the outer membrane of a human cell which maintains cell structure and where cell energy production processes take place. The nucleus, the small inner portion of a cell, contains the genetic information and handles the reproductive function.

Types of Work

• Some cells, especially glandular cells have a specific function of producing chemical compounds, hormones or enzymes. Pancreatic cells produce insulin and cells in the lungs produce mucus. Other cells like nerve cells only transfer electrical impulses, and blood cells only transfer nutrients throughout our blood stream.