Snow & Ice Removal Safety Regarding Salt (NaCl)

Salt, a commonly used de-icing agent, liberally seasons the winter ground as a way to remove snow and ice from patios, driveways and roads. Consumers and municipalities work to create a balance between environmental concerns and safety needs by carefully monitoring and adjusting salt use based on weather conditions.

Types

• In small amounts, salt is both safe and effective.

  Sodium chloride (NaCl) is the most common de-icer, and is usually a rock salt that has been mined and treated chemically so it will not cake when spread onto wet surfaces. Other brine solutions, such as calcium chloride, are also commonly used on icy surfaces.

Safety Issues

• As snow and ice melt, salt builds up in the soil, robbing plants of nutrients and leaching into local waterways. Salt residues can also cause the corrosion of vehicles and structures such as bridges and highways. Salt may also attract animals, such as deer, posing a hazard to motorists, and can even harm the paws of domestic pets.

Solutions

• Frequent shoveling can prevent snow and ice buildup. Sand, birdseed, and sugar can provide needed traction on icy surfaces--and can be mixed with small amounts of salt. If salt must be used, pre-wetting the salt will allow for faster melting action, so less salt is necessary.