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What Is H2S Gas?

Hydrogen sulphide gas, abbreviated as H2S, "is a colorless, flammable, extremely hazardous gas with a 'rotten egg' smell," according to the Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA). It is found in manure pits and sewer lines as well as natural gas operations. It can cause suffocation and eye irritation.

  1. Why is H2S Dangerous?

    • Hydrogen sulphide is a naturally occurring, flammable gas. It is formed through the decay of organic matter. It is commonly found in areas where raw sewage or animal manure collect. Because it is heavier than air, the gas will collect in confined spaces. At low concentrations, it has a rotten egg smell, but at medium concentrations, H2S is perceived as sweet smelling. At high concentrations or after long-term exposure, the gas cannot be smelled.

    What Does H2S Do to the Body?

    • At low concentrations and short exposures, H2S is an eye and lung irritant. It causes watering eyes, coughing or a sore throat. As concentration levels or exposure times increase, the irritation worsens and can include headaches and fluid in the lungs. High concentration levels can cause a coma or death within a few breaths.

    Protection from H2S

    • Before entering an area where H2S gas can accumulate, the air should be tested. If H2S is detected, the space should be ventilated to remove the gas or lower the concentration to a safe level. If the space can not be adequately ventilated, properly trained individuals can work in the space if they follow OSHA rules for hazardous atmospheres in confined spaces.

    Working in H2S Atmospheres

    • If a worker most work in an atmosphere contaminated with H2S gas, he must use a full face respirator or a half-face respirator and tight-fitting goggles to protect both the eyes and the lungs from exposure. If the concentration of the gas is less than 100 parts per million, an air purifying respirator can be used. If the concentration of the gas is higher, a self contained air supply must be used. Rescuers cannot enter the contaminated space without appropriate protective equipment, so additional respirators should be kept on hand.

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