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Front End Loader Safety Checklist

A front end loader is a machine with a hydraulic scoop in front for lifting and loading loose material. It is primarily used for lifting heavy loads such as building materials, debris or bales of hay onto other vehicles. Because front end loaders carry their loads in the front, rather than the rear, they pose specific safety hazards (e.g., in the areas of visibility and stability) and are often involved in accidents.

  1. Bystanders

    • If there are people in the vicinity of the front end loader, make sure that they are well away from it before loading begins. If the front end loader tips over, it could injure or kill any bystanders who are too close. Never walk under the raised arms of a loader or lift or carry anyone in the bucket of the loader.

    Counterweights and Ballast

    • When the front end loader is carrying a load, the front of the vehicle is heavier than the back. For this reason, ballast or wheel counterweights are often recommended. Be sure to add the proper ballast or wheel counterweight before operating the loader.

    Wheel Setting

    • If the wheel setting is adjustable, set the wheels to the widest setting recommended for your vehicle. A wider wheel setting will lower the loader's center of gravity, making it less likely to tip over.

    Terrain

    • Pay careful attention to the terrain you are driving the loader over. Drive slowly so you can avoid any obstacles. Be aware of rough ground and any humps or depressions that may cause the loader to become unbalanced. Avoid driving down an incline with a loaded bucket because this puts more weight on the front of the vehicle. If you have to drive on a rise or bank, stay well away from the edge. In addition, be aware of any overhead obstacles, such as power cables or tree branches that could catch on the arms or the bucket.

    Lower the Bucket

    • Raise the arms and the bucket only enough to clear the terrain. If the bucket is lower, the vehicle's center of gravity is lower and it will be less likely to tip over. If the loader should tip, the bucket will hit the ground before the vehicle turns over.

    Operating the Loader

    • Only operate the loader from the driver's seat. If you need to leave the operator's platform for any reason, bring the loader to a complete stop, lower the bucket to the ground and turn off the engine before you get out.

    Loading and Unloading

    • When picking up a load, drive the loader in as straight a line as possible. This will ensure that the load is centered in the bucket and not concentrated on one side. An off-center load can contribute to instability. You must also drive in a straight line when unloading. Only lift the bucket when you are as close to the dump site as possible.

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