The Effects of Hexavalent Chromium

Hexavalent Chromium (Cr(IV)) is a highly toxic man-made chemical compound found primarily in industrial environments. You are at risk for Cr(IV) exposure if you work in an environment that involves thermal cutting, chrome plating or stainless steel making, among other industrial processes. If you believe you or a loved one has been exposed to Cr(IV) you should contact your doctor immediately. What makes Cr(IV) exposure particularly insidious is its range of possible bodily effects, from the seemingly innocuous to the highly fatal. On June 29, 2009, the federal government determined that the Occupational Safety and Health Administration did not have the authority to ban the use of Cr(IV).

Severe Skin Irritation

• One of the ways in which Cr(IV) exposure manifests itself is through severe skin irritation. The irritation is caused by direct handling of the compound in either liquid or solid form. If you develop an allergic reaction, you will notice crusted, inflamed rashes after even brief exposure to the chemical. If you are not allergic, you may still notice small, open sores on your arms and forearms. These chemical wounds heal slowly, often leaving highly visible scars.

Respiratory Irritation

• The effects of inhaling Cr(IV) are more subtle than those resulting from direct handling. Those inhaling large amounts of Cr(IV) are subject to repeated irritation of the respiratory system. Some effects of these high levels of exposure include nosebleeds and red, itchy eyes and nose. Although breathing Cr(IV) in small amounts over a long period has not shown any significant respiratory damage, some individuals may develop an allergic reaction as a result of such continuous exposure. An allergic reaction can cause even small amounts of Cr(IV) to trigger symptoms similar to asthma, such as wheezing and shortness of breath.

Long-Term Results of Exposure

• Repeated Cr(IV) exposure over a long period of time can cause a myriad of health problems, ranging from the annoying to the fatal. You can develop small holes known as perforations in exposed parts of your body, such as a perforated septum in your nose or perforated eardrums. Although these perforations aren't fatal and can heal if not aggravated by subsequent illness, their presence indicates significant exposure, which may lead to other illnesses in the future. The most deadly of the effects of such Cr(IV) exposure is cancer, which has been linked to Cr(IV) inhalation or ingestion. The most commonly developed cancers include nasal cancer, lung cancer and sinus cancer. This is why it is imperative to seek medical treatment at the first sign of exposure.