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Safety Procedures for Chlorine Storage in Water Treatment

The use of chlorine in water treatment is very common. From city water supplies to backyard pools, certain chlorine compounds are excellent sanitizers of contaminated waters. Chlorine-containing compounds, however, can be extremely toxic as well as corrosive when stored improperly. As a result, it is very important that chlorine is stored safely and properly to avoid injury or incident.

  1. Disinfectant

    • According to the American Chemistry Council's Chlorine Chemistry Division, the chlorination of waste water for health and safety began in Philadelphia in 1910. It was within a relatively short time after this that chlorination moved to many large cities after the large amount of success in the pilot city. Chlorination of waste water removes pathogens and sanitizes water for human consumption. It has proven very effective in killing bacteria and viruses such as Salmonella and Shigella. Chlorine is also useful in removing odors that may naturally occur in water because of the presence of pathogens.

    Chlorine Gas

    • Chlorine gas is very toxic and poisonous. Even chlorine-containing compounds have the propensity to release chlorine gas if not properly stored. Cool, dry, well-ventilated areas are ideal for storing chemicals containing chlorine to minimize the amount of chlorine gas released. The chlorine containing compounds should be individually stored and protected from the elements as well as from extreme temperature changes. The designated storage area should be away from other combustible materials. Never mix containers of chlorine-containing compounds, do not mix old and new chemicals together and be sure to keep proper firefighting equipment nearby. Chlorine gas is also corrosive to metals such as steel and copper so it is important to store chlorine containing products away from pipes and other structural components. Avoid excess or over-exposure to water--wetting chlorine compounds can lead to dangerous, unplanned reactions, production of hazardous gases and impromptu explosive instances.

    Handling Chlorine

    • When handling any toxic chemical, whether in an industrial setting or the backyard, it is as important to protect the handler as it is to store the materials properly. Personal protective equipment, ranging from the impervious gloves and boots and/or chemical goggles to an impervious apron or suit to a face shield or even personal respirator should be employed at whatever level the handler decides and the situation dictates. If chlorine is used regularly, a Material Safety Data Sheet should be present, as well, to assist those utilizing the materials to be familiar with the precautions and handling instructions for those who utilize it frequently.

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