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OSHA Extension Cord Requirements

A worker operating a router with an extension cord that is spliced, not grounded and not rated for hard service is in danger of being electrocuted and killed. All three of these factors violate the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA) standards for electric extension cord use in the workplace. Improper use and care of extension cords can be deadly, and OSHA regulates the selection, placement, use, and alterations of extension cords in workplaces.

  1. Selection

    • When selecting extension cords, choose cords that are rated for the circuits and equipment that will be used. OSHA standard 1926.405 mandates that cords be marked with type, size and number of conductors. OSHA also requires three-wire cords for portable electric tools. Cords made for hard or extra-hard usage must also be used with portable tools and portable lights.

    Placement

    • Electric extension cords must be placed so that they are protected from damage from sharp edges, rubbing and pinching. Cords may not run through windows or doors unless adequately protected. If coming out of a box or covering, the cords must also be protected by fittings. Do not hang an extension cord with wire or attach it to anything with staples, nails or anything that might penetrate the insulating layer.

      Certain work areas are unsafe for extension cord use altogether. Extension cords are not permitted in or near areas with combustible or ignitable materials such as combustible dust, gases, vapors, fumes, and fibers. Cords are also not permitted in wet areas, unless approved. Also, keep walkways and work areas clear of cords.

    Use

    • OSHA Standards 1910.334 and 1926.405 regulate the use of electrical extension cords in the workplace. According to these standards, extension cords may not be used for anything other than their intended purpose. Cords may not be used for strapping, or lifting, to hang temporary lighting or to replace fixed wiring in a building. They cannot be run through walls, ceilings or floors.

      Before use, inspect extension cords and do not use if worn, torn or if there are any damaged parts. Only plug an extension cord into a corresponding outlet and do not plug or unplug with wet hands. If there is a chance of current passing through the hands, insulating gloves must be worn. In addition, protective devices must be used to shut down the circuits in the case of an overload or faulty circuit. Circuits that shut down may not be reopened until inspected or determined to be due to overload.

    Alterations

    • Damaged cords must not be used, but repaired and tested by a qualified person before reuse. Any changes or repairs made may not interrupt the continuity of the equipment grounding connection or the integrity of the insulation. The overcurrent protection may not be altered beyond OSHA requirements and cords may not be spliced.

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