Specific OSHA Regulations Regarding Hazardous Materials

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) uses many federal regulations (Code of Federal Regulations or CFRs) to provide guidance and training in the use, handling, storage, transportation and cleanup of hazardous materials. As with most OSHA regulations and guidelines, hazardous material standards are aimed at assisting various industries, including the maritime and construction industries. There are also regulations that are pertinent to all industries (Part 1910).

General Industry

• Several sections of 29 CFR Part 1910 provide regulatory guidance that applies to all industries.

  Part 1910.106 provides standards for flammable and combustible liquids as well as the containers and ventilation for these substances.

  Part 1910.109 is the standard for handling explosives and blasting agents. Explosives include dynamite, ammunition, plastic explosives, fuses and black powder. The container and bunker requirements are also included in this regulation.

  Storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gases is covered in Part 1910.110. Emphasis is on the containers used to use, store and transport these gases. These containers are required to have the proper markings, be welded to standard and be pressure tested.

  Part 1910.119 is the OSHA standard that describes the management of highly hazardous chemicals. These chemicals are considered toxic and have the potential of causing a catastrophic event if not properly contained. Some examples of these chemicals include ammonia solutions, chlorine and sulfur dioxide.

  Hazardous waste operations and emergency response (Part 1910.120) concentrates on the requirements for cleanup after an accident has occurred. Only properly trained and certified personnel can participate in cleanup operations.

Maritime Industry

• In addition to the requirements in 29 CFR Part 1910, asbestos guidelines in 29 CFR Part 1915 are focused on shipyard operations. Part 1915.1001 covers installation, removal, transportation and cleanup of products containing asbestos. The level of potential exposure determines what kind of personal protective equipment (PPE) is worn, and the extent of medical monitoring that is required.

  Standards for marine terminals are discussed in 29 CFR Part 1917. In accordance with Part 1917.22, hazardous cargo must be properly secured to avoid leaks, spills or broken containers.

Construction Industry

• Construction industry requirements for hazardous materials are in 29 CFR Part 1926. Many of these mirror regulations in Part 1910, but two exceptions are guidelines for handling radioactive materials (Part 1926.53) and lead (Part 1926.62).

  Only people properly licensed are authorized to handle radioactive materials. Medical monitoring with film badges or other monitoring devices must be conducted to track accumulated levels of exposure.

  Regular monitoring of lead levels is required to determine if PPE is necessary. If safety equipment is required, the employer shall ensure that all exposed workers are properly using the appropriate PPE.