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Eye Damage From Welding

Welding can injure both the welder and others working nearby. Welding fumes, vapors, particulates and high intensity light all pose a threat to persons that are exposed. Temporary or permanent damage to the eyes can occur depending on the length and type of exposure. Understanding the causes of eye damage from welding is important in effectively preventing injury.

  1. Intense Light

    • Welding produces intense visual light and infrared (IR) radiation that can cause damage to the pupils, lens and retina of exposed workers. Arc welding produces ultraviolet (UV) radiation that can cause damage to the lens and cornea of the eye as well cause arc eye (photokeratitis).

    Physical Injury

    • Hot slag and airborne particulate can impact the eye and cause abrasions, irritation and other surface injuries.

    Chemical Injury

    • Welding generates metal fumes, chemical gases and vapors. These chemicals can cause irritation of the outer layer of the eye and the cornea.

    Short-Term Damage

    • Fortunately, most welding injuries are short-term injuries with most workers able to return to work after two days. These injuries include arc eye, physical injury and chemical irritation.

    Long-Term Damage

    • Exposure to high intensity radiation (UV and IR) can cause cataracts, reduced visual acuity, permanent retinal damage, damage to the tissue covering the eye and increased sensitivity to light.

    Injury Prevention

    • Welding shields or goggles with the proper shade of lens is the best protection for welders. Light filtering curtains and reduced reflective surfaces help protect both welders and observers in the area.

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