Methane Gas Risks

The risks associated with methane are increased because the gas is both odorless and colorless. Therefore, it is possible for methane gas to be in the environment without being detected until its too late. While methane gas is not toxic, it can be harmful when concentrated, so special precautions need to be taken when working around methane gas or in unventilated areas prone to methane gas formation. Always have an adequate air supply and the proper fire suppression equipment on hand whenever dealing with methane in its gaseous form.

Risks Associated with Inhalation

• Methane gas, in higher concentrations, is capable of displacing oxygen in the air. Thus, if the gas is released into a poorly ventilated area, it can cause a wide range of symptoms, ranging from mild to severe, in anyone exposed. At lower levels, the gas can cause rapid breathing and an increased heart rate, as well as fatigue and emotional distress. At mid-level concentrations, methane gas may cause nausea and vomiting and even loss of consciousness. At its highest levels, methane will displace most of the available oxygen and cause convulsions, respiratory failure and death. Once again, this can be avoided by having the proper ventilation and using a breathing apparatus when necessary.

Risks Associated with Fire

• Methane gas is highly combustible. Also, because the gas is lighter than air, it is possible for it to spread over a wide area, enabling ignition to occur from great distances. This may also result in flashback. When methane gas comes into contact with fire it not only ignites, it also produces carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, both of which are toxic. In a closed-in area, where the gas has accumulated, there is a very high risk of explosion. Also, if fire is applied to pipes or storage containers which hold methane gas, there is a risk that they can rupture and result in a fiery explosion that is capable of devastating a wide area. Thus, it is important to always properly store methane gas away from any heat sources and in well-ventilated environments. If a fire occurs, attempt to cut the supply of methane and douse surrounding containers with water in order to keep them cool.

Other Health Risks

• Methane gas that is released from a container, valve or pipeline at high pressures is capable of causing frostbite. The rapidly expanding gas will turn exposed skin white and/or grayish yellow. Pain associated with frostbite may also occur, though it will decrease after the initial exposure. The risk of exposure to pressurized methane gas can be reduced by wearing the proper protective clothing, such as plastic or rubber gloves, safety shoes, eye protection and a hood (with an air supply).