How common is a t-4 to s-1 spinal fusion with instrumentation?

T4 to S1 spinal fusion with instrumentation is rarely performed. It represents a substantial fusion that spans the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spine. Such an extensive procedure is typically reserved for complex spinal deformities or instabilities that involve a large portion of the spine. The rarity of this procedure also lies in the complexity of the surgery and the potential complications associated with a long fusion, including increased surgical time, blood loss, and risk of infection.