What is phlobotomy?

Phlebotomy is a medical procedure that involves the collection of blood from a vein, usually from the arm. The blood is collected in a vacuum tube or a syringe. This procedure is commonly performed for diagnostic tests or to remove excess blood from the body. A healthcare professional, usually a phlebotomist or a nurse, performs phlebotomy.

Here's a step-by-step explanation of what happens during phlebotomy:

Preparation:

- The person undergoing the procedure is asked to sit or lie in a comfortable position, with their arm resting on a support.

- The phlebotomist selects the appropriate vein, usually in the inner aspect of the elbow or the back of the hand.

Cleaning:

- The chosen area is cleaned with an antiseptic to reduce the risk of infection.

Placement of Tourniquet:

- A tourniquet is wrapped around the upper arm to restrict blood flow and make the vein more prominent for easier puncture.

Needle Insertion:

- The phlebotomist inserts a sterile needle into the vein. This may cause a slight pinch or prick sensation, but generally, it's not very painful.

Blood Collection:

- Once the needle is properly positioned, the blood collection device, such as a vacuum tube or syringe, is attached to the needle to draw out the required amount of blood.

- The tourniquet is then released to allow blood flow to return to normal.

Removal of Needle and Application of Pressure:

- When enough blood has been collected, the needle is carefully removed, and pressure is applied to the puncture site to stop any bleeding.

- A bandage or adhesive strip is usually placed over the puncture site to further prevent bleeding and promote healing.

Labeling and Storage:

- The collected blood sample is labeled with the necessary patient information and test details.

- The sample is then sent to the laboratory for appropriate testing or analysis.

Phlebotomy is a typically safe procedure, and most people experience minimal discomfort during and after the process. However, as with any medical procedure, there are potential risks, although rare, such as bruising, infection, or fainting.

It's important to follow any instructions provided by your healthcare provider before and after the procedure to ensure a smooth and safe experience.