What is done in intracapsular cataract extraction?

Intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE) is a surgical procedure in which the entire lens, including the lens capsule, is removed from the eye. This procedure is no longer commonly performed, as it has been replaced by extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and phacoemulsification, which are safer and more effective techniques.

Steps of ICCE:

1. Corneal incision: A small incision is made in the cornea, the clear outer layer of the eye.

2. Anterior chamber entry: The surgeon enters the anterior chamber, the fluid-filled space between the cornea and the iris.

3. Capsulorrhexis: A circular opening is created in the anterior capsule of the lens.

4. Hydroexpression: The lens is gently pushed out of the eye through the pupil and the incision.

5. Irrigation and aspiration: The remaining lens material and any fragments are removed from the eye using irrigation and aspiration.

6. Wound closure: The corneal incision is closed with sutures or fibrin glue.

ICCE is a relatively simple and straightforward procedure, but it is associated with a higher risk of complications compared to ECCE and phacoemulsification. Some potential complications of ICCE include:

* Posterior capsular rupture: The posterior capsule of the lens may tear during surgery, which can lead to vitreous loss and other complications.

* Retinal detachment: The retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye, may detach from the underlying choroid layer.

* Endophthalmitis: A severe infection of the inside of the eye.

* Glaucoma: A condition characterized by increased pressure in the eye.

Due to the higher risk of complications, ICCE is only rarely performed today. ECCE and phacoemulsification are the preferred techniques for cataract surgery, as they are safer and more effective.