Why are permanent colostomies used?
A permanent colostomy is typically performed when the colon or rectum is too damaged or diseased to be repaired or reconnected. This can occur due to various medical conditions, such as:
1. Colorectal Cancer: In cases where the cancer has spread extensively, or the tumor is located in a critical area of the colon or rectum, a permanent colostomy may be necessary to remove the diseased section and divert the fecal material.
2. Diverticular Disease: Severe diverticular disease, which involves the formation of pouches in the colon, can lead to complications such as perforation, bleeding, or obstruction. In such circumstances, a permanent colostomy may be required to manage the condition effectively.
3. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): In cases of severe ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease that involves the colon and rectum, a permanent colostomy may be necessary to provide relief from chronic inflammation, pain, and frequent bowel movements.
4. Rectal Prolapse: This condition occurs when the rectum protrudes outside of the anus. When severe or unresponsive to other treatments, a permanent colostomy may be performed to divert stool away from the damaged rectal area.
5. Pelvic Trauma or Injury: Severe trauma or injury to the pelvis, including damage to the colon or rectum, may necessitate a permanent colostomy to allow the injured tissues to heal and recover.
6. Birth Defects: In rare cases, certain birth defects affecting the colon or rectum can lead to the need for a permanent colostomy to ensure proper functioning of the digestive system.
7. Failed Surgery: In some instances, a previously attempted surgical procedure to repair or restore colon or rectal function may fail, necessitating a permanent colostomy as the best alternative.
Permanent colostomies are not commonly performed, and they are usually considered as a last resort when other treatment options are ineffective or not feasible. The decision to create a permanent colostomy is made in consultation with a medical professional after carefully considering the patient's individual circumstances and medical needs.