Classification of surgery and define it?

Surgery can be classified based on various criteria, including:

1. Purpose:

- Curative surgery: Aims to completely remove or treat the underlying cause of a medical condition.

- Palliative surgery: Aims to relieve symptoms or improve the quality of life in cases where a cure is not possible.

- Reconstructive surgery: Aims to restore or improve the function or appearance of a body part affected by trauma, disease, or congenital abnormalities.

- Cosmetic surgery: Aims to enhance or alter a person's physical appearance for aesthetic purposes.

2. Surgical approach:

- Open surgery: Involves making a surgical incision or opening to access and operate directly on the affected area.

- Minimally invasive surgery (MIS): Also known as laparoscopic or keyhole surgery, uses small incisions and specialized instruments to access and operate with greater precision and less tissue damage.

- Endoscopic surgery: A type of minimally invasive surgery that uses an endoscope (a small camera) to visualize and operate within the body through natural orifices or small incisions.

- Robotic surgery: Utilizes advanced robotic technology to assist the surgeon in performing complex procedures with enhanced precision and control.

3. Surgical specialty:

- General surgery: Encompasses a wide range of surgical procedures involving various organs and body systems, excluding highly specialized areas.

- Neurosurgery: Focuses on the surgical treatment of conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.

- Cardiovascular surgery: Deals with surgical interventions on the heart, blood vessels, and related structures.

- Thoracic surgery: Involves surgery of the chest cavity, including the lungs, esophagus, and mediastinum.

- Orthopedic surgery: Focuses on the diagnosis and surgical treatment of disorders of the musculoskeletal system, including bones, joints, muscles, and ligaments.

- Gynecological surgery: Deals with surgical procedures related to the female reproductive organs.

- Urological surgery: Addresses surgical conditions of the male and female urinary tracts and the male reproductive system.

- Plastic surgery: Involves surgical interventions to improve or reconstruct the function and appearance of body tissues.

- Pediatric surgery: Specializes in surgical treatments for infants, children, and adolescents.

4. Level of complexity:

- Minor surgery: Typically straightforward procedures that involve minimal risk and can often be performed in an outpatient setting.

- Major surgery: More complex and extensive procedures that may require hospitalization, general anesthesia, and a longer recovery period.