List of Complications of Laser Removal on Face for Vessels

Laser resurfacing, or the use of lasers for cosmetic surgery, is becoming the preferred method for the removal of spider veins, or small red, blue or purple blood vessels, from the face. Though this is a common procedure there are possible complications, of which, all potential patients should be aware.

Skin Burn

• During laser resurfacing, a specific amount of light energy is applied to the area around the spider vein in a series of short pulses. If an inappropriate amount of light energy is applied, the skin around the vein may be burned beyond what is needed for the procedure to be successful.

  Additionally, after the procedure, and because the new pink skin is so tender, patients must avoid the sun for about six months--sun exposure can result in burned skin beyond what is usual for the patient.

Scarring

• Scarring is possible after laser resurfacing if too much light energy is applied, if the patient has recently undergone radiation therapy in the same area, if the patient is prone to keloid scars (overgrown scar tissue) or if the patient has recently used isotretinoin (Roaccutane), an acne medication.

Skin Discoloration

• Skin discoloration is a possible complication for individuals with particular skin coloration. Because of this complication, physicians may recommend other treatment options.

  Patients with dark skin, especially Asian individuals, are prone to hypopigmentation (skin lightening) after undergoing laser resurfacing--patches of skin may permanently be lightened, even to the point of appearing white.

  Conversely, laser resurfacing of very light skin can result in hyperpigmentation (skin darkening). Skin that is darkened due to laser resurfacing can be bleached, however, the skin could be permanently discolored.

Infection

• After the procedure, skin is expected to blister and scab. Although resulting infections are uncommon, they are possible, particularly if the skin is burned more than usual during the procedure. Physicians usually prescribe a topical antibiotic post-procedure to prevent infection.

Cold Sores

• For those with herpes, it is possible for the laser energy to reactivate the herpes virus lying dormant within the facial nerves, resulting in a herpes outbreak and cold sores about a week post-procedure. Physicians may prescribe appropriate antiviral medications before performing laser resurfacing.

Acne Flare-ups

• Laser resurfacing can exacerbate acne problems. It is wise to wait for an acne remission phase before undergoing a laser resurfacing procedure.

Rare Complications

• Because of the nature of the laser resurfacing procedure (a combination of high energy and absorption), it is possible for hair, paper or clothing to catch fire. It is important for long hair to be contained and for the physician to be skilled in handling the device used in laser resurfacing.
  Additionally, if the laser device is not used properly and eyes are not covered, it is possible to burn and significantly damage the eyes, resulting in blindness. The United States FDA requires that the physician performing the procedure and the patient use special wavelength-specific protective eye wear during laser resurfacing.