What is the correct sequence of surgical instruments for insertion a bone screw?

The correct sequence of surgical instruments for the insertion of a bone screw is as follows:

1. Awl: Initially, an awl, also called a bone punch or hole starter, is used to create a pilot hole in the bone to guide the insertion of the bone screw.

2. Tap: Next, a tap is used. It is a tool with cutting threads that creates the threads in the bone to receive the bone screw.

3. Depth Gauge: A depth gauge or a measuring device is used to determine the appropriate length of the bone screw needed based on the depth of the prepared bone.

4. Screwdriver and Screwdriver Bit: The appropriate screwdriver handle with the corresponding screwdriver bit (matching the head of the bone screw) is used to insert the bone screw into the prepared bone.

5. Ratchet: A ratchet may be used to provide additional torque and better control during bone screw insertion, especially for larger or longer screws.

6. Torque Limiter or Driver with Torque Control: In certain cases, a torque limiter or a screwdriver with torque control may be used to prevent overtightening of the bone screw, ensuring proper fixation while minimizing the risk of damage to the surrounding bone.