How is a hiatal hernia repair done?
Hiatal hernia repair, also known as hiatoplasty, is a surgical procedure performed to correct a hiatal hernia, a condition in which part of the stomach protrudes through an opening in the diaphragm. The specific technique used for the repair may vary depending on the individual case, but here's a general overview of the steps involved:
1. Preoperative Preparation: Before the surgery, the patient undergoes various preoperative assessments, including physical examinations, laboratory tests, and imaging studies, to ensure they are fit for the procedure.
2. Anesthesia: General anesthesia is typically used for hiatal hernia repair, ensuring the patient remains unconscious and pain-free during the surgery.
3. Surgical Approach:
- Open Surgery: In traditional open surgery, an incision is made in the abdomen, usually below the rib cage.
- Laparoscopic Surgery: In laparoscopic surgery, several small incisions are made, and a camera and surgical instruments are inserted to perform the repair with enhanced precision and minimal invasiveness.
4. Reduction of the Hiatal Hernia: The surgeon carefully manipulates the herniated portion of the stomach back into the abdominal cavity.
5. Repair of the Diaphragmatic Opening: The enlarged opening in the diaphragm, known as the hiatus, is repaired using sutures or mesh to reinforce the area and prevent future herniation.
6. Fundoplication: In many cases, a procedure called fundoplication is performed along with the hernia repair. This involves wrapping a part of the stomach around the lower esophageal sphincter to strengthen it and reduce the risk of acid reflux.
7. Closure: The incisions are closed with sutures or staples, and a bandage or dressing is applied to the surgical site.
8. Post-Operative Care: After the surgery, the patient is monitored closely in the recovery room. Pain management, antibiotics, and instructions for post-operative care are provided. The length of hospital stay and recovery time may vary depending on the individual's condition and the type of surgical approach used.
Hiatal hernia repair aims to relieve symptoms associated with the hernia, such as heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and chest pain. It can help improve the overall quality of life for individuals affected by this condition. As with any surgical procedure, individual results and outcomes may vary, and it's essential to follow post-operative instructions and seek regular medical follow-up to ensure a successful recovery.