How Shoulder Replacement Surgery Is Done?

Shoulder replacement surgery, also known as shoulder arthroplasty, is a procedure in which the damaged or diseased shoulder joint is replaced with an artificial implant. The goal of shoulder replacement surgery is to relieve pain, improve joint function, and restore mobility.

Preoperative Care

Before the surgery, your doctor will assess your overall health and discuss the risks and benefits of the procedure. You may be asked to undergo certain tests, such as blood tests, an electrocardiogram (ECG), and x-rays. You may also be advised to stop smoking and drinking alcohol before the surgery to reduce the risk of complications.

Types of Shoulder Replacement Surgery

There are several types of shoulder replacement surgery, depending on the extent of damage to the joint. These include:

1. Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (TSA): In TSA, the entire shoulder joint is replaced, including the ball (humeral head) and the socket (glenoid).

2. Partial Shoulder Arthroplasty: In partial shoulder arthroplasty, only the damaged part of the joint is replaced. For example, if only the ball is damaged, only the ball will be replaced, leaving the socket intact.

3. Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (rTSA): This type of surgery is used for patients with severe rotator cuff damage. In rTSA, the ball and socket are reversed, so that the ball is attached to the shoulder blade and the socket is attached to the upper arm bone.

Surgical Procedure

Shoulder replacement surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia. During the procedure, the surgeon will make an incision over the shoulder joint and remove the damaged parts of the joint. The artificial implant is then inserted and secured in place. The incision is then closed with sutures or staples.

Postoperative Care

After surgery, you will be monitored closely for any complications. You may be given pain medication to manage discomfort. You will also undergo physical therapy to help you regain mobility and strength in your shoulder.

Recovery

The recovery time from shoulder replacement surgery varies depending on the individual patient. Most people are able to return to their normal activities within a few months. However, it is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully during the recovery period to ensure the best possible outcome.