Preoperative Care for Bilateral Total Knee Replacement

Bilateral knee replacement surgery involves having both knees essentially resurfaced. During surgery, the surface of the femur is covered with metal while the end of the tibea, also known as the shinbone, is covered in plastic. This makes the surfaces of the knee smoother, allowing the knee to bend easily. There are a number of measures that should be taken before undergoing a bilateral total knee replacement.

Testing

• Before a bilateral total knee replacement, the patient will undergo a number of tests. These are designed to ensure that the patient is physically prepared for the surgery. A blood test will be needed to find a blood match in case a transfusion is needed after the operation and to ensure the patient's blood test is normal. X-rays and tests will also be done to ensure that cardiac and respiratory systems are functioning well enough to handle the operation. The patient may also be asked if he would like to donate blood. If he agrees, then he may be given iron supplements to take until surgery.

Assessments

• In addition to medical testing, the patient will be assessed by a nurse to explain post-operative care. A social worker will also assess whether any special treatment or equipment will be needed in the patient's home after surgery. A physical therapist will explain any exercises that may be needed to prepare the patient's knees for the surgery.

Anesthesia

• An anesthesiologist will meet with the patient to discuss anesthesia methods during surgery. This is an important part of the preoperative process as the form of anesthesia will be determined in part by any medication the patient is currently taking. General anesthesia during a bilateral total knee replacement will put the patient to sleep, while a localized spinal anesthetic will numb the legs.

Medical Conditions

• The patient may be asked to have a dental check up before a bilateral total knee replacement surgery. This is because any previous dental conditions that become infected may also induce an infection at the operation site. It is important to maintain dental care in the preoperative period. The patient will also be asked to provide a list of medications she takes and will be asked to stop taking any medication containing aspirin at least two weeks before surgery.

Food and Drink

• Some foods and drinks can cause problems with the anesthesia used in the surgery. After your consultation with an anesthesiologist, the anesthesia department of your hospital will provide a list of food and drinks to avoid.