How is arthoscopy performed on knee?

Arthroscopy of the knee is a surgical procedure that allows a doctor to visualize, diagnose, and treat problems inside the knee joint. It is performed using a small camera called an arthroscope, which is inserted into the knee through a small incision.

Here is a general overview of how arthroscopy of the knee is performed:

1. Preparation: The patient is given anesthesia, either general or regional, to ensure comfort during the procedure. The knee is then shaved and cleaned to reduce the risk of infection.

2. Incision: The surgeon makes a small incision, typically about 1 centimeter long, on the knee.

3. Arthroscope insertion: The arthroscope, a thin, flexible tube with a camera on the end, is inserted into the knee joint through the incision. The camera sends images of the inside of the knee to a monitor, allowing the surgeon to see the joint in detail.

4. Inspection: The surgeon uses the arthroscope to inspect the knee joint, including the cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and synovial membrane (the lining of the joint). The surgeon can look for damage, such as tears, inflammation, or loose fragments of cartilage.

5. Treatment: If necessary, the surgeon can perform various treatments during the arthroscopy. These may include:

* Removing damaged tissue, such as torn cartilage or inflamed synovial tissue

* Repairing torn ligaments or tendons

* Realigning the kneecap

* Draining excess fluid from the joint

* Injecting medication to reduce inflammation or promote healing

6. Closure: Once the treatment is complete, the arthroscope is removed and the incision is closed with stitches or surgical glue.

7. Recovery: After the arthroscopy, the patient may need to use crutches or a brace to protect the knee while it heals. Physical therapy is often recommended to help restore strength and mobility to the knee.

Arthroscopy of the knee is typically an outpatient procedure, meaning that the patient can go home the same day. However, some cases may require an overnight hospital stay.