How do they fix hardware loosening of a total knee replacement?

There are a few surgical techniques that can be used to fix hardware loosening of a total knee replacement (TKR). The optimal surgical technique depends on the specific nature and severity of the loosening.

Revision TKR: In some cases, the best option may be to perform a revision TKR. This involves removing the old prosthesis and replacing it with a new one. Revision TKR can be a complex procedure, and there is a risk of complications, such as infection, bleeding, and damage to the surrounding tissue. However, it is typically successful in resolving hardware loosening.

Screw Revision: If the loosening is limited to a few screws, it may be possible to perform a screw revision. This involves removing the old screws and replacing them with new ones. Screw revision can be a less invasive procedure than revision TKR, and there is a lower risk of complications. However, it is not always effective, especially in cases of severe loosening.

Bone Grafting: If there is significant bone loss around the prosthesis, bone grafting may be necessary. This involves transplanting healthy bone tissue from another area of the body (usually the hip or leg) into the area around the prosthesis. Bone grafting can help to support the prosthesis and reduce the risk of further loosening.

Minimally Invasive Techniques: In some cases, it may be possible to use minimally invasive techniques to fix hardware loosening. These techniques involve using small incisions and specialized instruments to access and repair the loosened components. Minimally invasive techniques are less invasive than traditional surgical techniques and have a lower risk of complications, but they may not be suitable for all cases.

The decision of which surgical technique to use to fix hardware loosening of a TKR is complex and must be made on a patient-by-patient basis. The surgeon will consider the severity of the loosening, the patient's overall health and preferences, and the risks and benefits of each surgical option.

After surgery, patients will typically need to undergo physical therapy to help restore range of motion and strength to the knee. The recovery process can be lengthy and challenging, but most patients are eventually able to regain full function of their knee.