What is mastectomy surgery for?

A mastectomy is a surgical procedure to completely remove one or both breasts. It may be recommended for various reasons, including:

1. Cancer Treatment: Mastectomy is commonly performed to treat breast cancer, especially when the cancer is extensive or has spread to the surrounding tissues. It can be carried out as part of a lumpectomy (breast-conserving surgery) if needed.

2. Preventive Surgery (Prophylactic Mastectomy): Women at high risk of developing breast cancer, such those with a strong family history of the disease, may opt for a prophylactic mastectomy to reduce their risk significantly.

3. Gender Confirmation Surgery (Transgender): Transgender individuals may undergo mastectomy as part of gender-affirming surgery to remove breast tissue and achieve a more masculine chest contour.

4. Severe Mastitis or Breast Infection: In rare cases, a mastectomy may be considered for severe or recurrent mastitis (breast infection that's unresponsive to other treatment options) to remove affected tissue and prevent the infection from spreading.

5. Breast Reconstruction: Mastectomy can be part of a breast reconstruction procedure, where the removed breast tissue is later reconstructed to restore appearance.

6. Gender Dysphoria: Some transgender people may choose mastectomy as part of their gender-affirming process to relieve symptoms of gender dysphoria, distress related to a mismatch between their gender identity and the gender assigned at birth.

The decision to undergo a mastectomy is complex and deeply personal. It usually follows discussions with healthcare professionals who thoroughly evaluate the individual's medical history, needs, and preferences to determine the most appropriate treatment approach.