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PET Scan Complications

Positron emission tomography (PET) scan is a medical procedure primarily used to detect cancer, as well as to track and evaluate the progression of cancer. The procedure is also used in the assessment of cardiovascular and neurological diseases, according to the Better Health Channel website. MedlinePlus encyclopedia defines a PET scan as an "imaging test that uses radioactive substances to look for the disease in the body...[by] show[ing] how organs and tissues are working." According to Better Health Channel, PET scans are considered to be safe, as they expose patients to relatively low amounts of radiation. However, as with any tests done in the medical world, there are possible risks and complications associated with the procedure.

  1. Allergic Reactions

    • Though it is rare, according to MedlinePlus, allergic reactions can happen in some patients. Patients may be allergic to the radioactive substances that are injected into their bodies. MedlinePlus states that those who are allergic may experience "pain, redness, or swelling" in the area where the chemicals were injected.

      It is imperative that you inform your doctor, prior to the procedure, of any allergies you may have, to avoid a complication like this.

    Complications in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women

    • Though PET scans expose the human body to low doses of radioactive substances and are generally safe to use in adults, MedlinePlus cautions that the radiation could potentially harm the developing baby inside the mother, as the unborn are more sensitive to radiation than adults. Additionally, RadiologyInfo states that if a mother is breastfeeding, it is possible for the radioactive material to transmit from the mother's body into the breast milk.

      Before you go in for a PET scan, it is important to tell medical personnel if you think you may be pregnant or if you are currently breastfeeding.

    Complications in Diabetics

    • According to RadiologyInfo, complications may occur in patients with diabetes, particularly those who have eaten right before the procedure. Eating throws off the blood sugar and insulin levels, and unfavorably affects the distribution of the radioactive substances used to detect the activity in the tissues and organs. This may yield false test results for the patient.

      If you are diabetic, be sure to inform your doctor. You will be given special instructions as to how to prepare for the PET scan.

    Complications for People Who Have Anxiety Problems

    • Because of the narrow physical design of the PET scanner, people who have anxiety issues or have a history of claustrophobia may experience discomfort, as stated by Dr. Rosalyn Carson-DeWitt of The Doctors of USC in her PET/CT Scan article.

      Dr. Carson-DeWitt advises those who have anxiety issues to tell the medical staff about them. To help with your symptoms, you may be asked to take a sedative before the procedure.

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