Step-by-Step Ankle Fusion From the Doctor's Perspective

Ankle fusion surgery is performed when the ankle joint has deteriorated significantly. It is considered a last resort procedure. The purpose of the procedure is to alleviate joint pain by stopping the ankle joint from moving.

Indications

• According to Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopedics, from Duke University, the surgery is performed in cases of severe forms of arthritis, diabetic nerve disease, following joint trauma, or when there is death of one or more ankle bones from loss of blood supply. You should consult with your orthopedic surgeon if you are considering having this procedure.

Anatomy

• Fusion can involve different areas of your ankle depending on the severity of joint damage. Fusion can occur between the three ankle joint bones: the tibia, fibula and talus and the calcaneus or heel bone. More involved fusion may also include bones of the midfoot: the cuboid and navicular.

Procedure

• According to eOrthopod.com, an incision is made through the skin to expose the ankle joint. Muscles and nerves are protected during the procedure. The surface of the talus is removed along with any joint cartilage. The tip of the fibula (outside ankle bone) and tibia (inside ankle bone) are sawed off. Cartilage from the end of the tibia is also removed. Donor bone may be used to assist the joint to fuse. Long screws are placed connecting the bones together to create a stable fixation of the joint.