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What Is a Surgical Repair of a Joint?

Surgical joint repair, also known as arthroplasty, is a general term for a group of procedures designed to restore proper function to injured or diseases joints located throughout the body.

  1. The Facts

    • Arthroplasty may involve surgical resurfacing of an affected joint or replacement with an artificial joint, according to Lancaster General Health. The most common cause of destructive changes leading to arthroplasty is the degenerative joint disease osteoarthritis.

    Usage

    • Arthroplasty is typically performed when more conservative treatment options prove ineffective. Lancaster General Health lists conservative treatments that include activity limitation, pain and anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy, weight loss and use of supporting devices such as canes.

    During Surgery

    • During arthroplasty, surgeons repair or remove damaged joint components, notes Lancaster General Health. These components may include cartilage, bone, tendons, ligaments, lubricating synovial membranes or cushioning sacs called bursae.

    Joint Replacement

    • During joint replacement, surgeons will partially or totally remove damaged joints and replace them with artificial devices called prostheses, notes the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. These devices may be made of metal, plastic or a composite of these two materials.

    Recovery

    • Recovery times for arthroplasty vary with the procedure performed. Doctors typically encourage movement of the repaired or replaced joint as soon as possible, reports Lancaster General Health.

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