Colonoscopy Cleansing

A colonoscopy is a medical procedure used to look inside the colon and rectum, the two major parts of the large intestine. The test can detect inflamed tissues, ulcers, abnormal growths and early signs of colorectal cancer. Colonoscopies also help doctors diagnose why patients have abdominal pains, unusual changes in bowel habits, anus bleeding and weight loss, according to the National Digestive Disease Information Clearinghouse. Unless there is a health problem, people don't undergo a colonoscopy until the age of 50. Preparation is important because the colon needs to be clear to help doctors gather as much information as possible.

Ways to Cleanse

• Colonoscopy cleansing usually begins one to two days before the scheduled procedure, according to Paul Rufo, a gastroenterologist and an assistant professor of pediatrics at Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School.

  Typically, the cleansing preparation involves the use of liquids (e.g., Miralax, Go-Lytely, Nu-Lytely, or Moviprep) or capsules (Visicol). Many practices have moved away from "high osmolar and phosphate-containing agents like Oral Fleet [products]" because of U.S. Food and Drug Administration concerns about dehydration and harmful effects to the kidneys. Stimulant laxatives (e.g., ExLax or Dulcolax) can also be used as part of preparing for a colonoscopy.

What Can be Consumed

• During the 24- to 48-hour period of cleansing (as directed by your doctor), you must limit what you consume. Dr. Rufo points out that what's allowed can vary depending on where the procedure is taking place; each center might have its own restrictions, so it's essential to check first.

  Generally, patients can consume clear liquids (including Gatorade and Powerade), Italian ice, popsicles, clear chicken broth and juices without pulp.

  Patients need to clean the colon of stools in order for the physician to optimally view the wall of the colon during the procedure.